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Vigil, J.D., and Long, J.M. "Emic and Etic Perspectives on Gang Culture". In Gangs in America, edited by C.R. Huff. Newbury Park CA: Sage Publications, 1990, pp. 55-70.
Youth Gangs
Aquila, F. D. & Clay, D. A. (1994). Gangs and America's Schools. Phi Delta Kappan, 76(1), 65.
Law Enforcement Policies Regarding Juvenile Gangs
Huff, Ronald C. Gangs in America. Newbury Park, CA: Sage, 1990.
The Five Points Gangs
Long, Patrick Du Phuoc (1996) The Dream Shattered: Vietnamese Gangs In America. Boston: Northeastern University Press
Asian Crimes
Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. (2002). Numbers of gangs and gang members. National Youth Gang Survey Trends From 1996 to 2000. Washington, D.C.: United States Department of Justice.
Gang Involvement
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